ПРОЯВЛЕНИЕ САХАРНОГО ДИАБЕТА 1 ТИПА НА СЛИЗИСТОЙ ОБОЛОЧКЕ ПОЛОСТИ РТА У ДЕТЕЙ
- Авторы:Махсумова Ирода Шавкатовна, Каримова Мукадас Камиловна
- Дата публикации:September 25, 2026
- Тип:Статья
- DOI: 10.64156/mju.9789 Скопировано
- Том / № Выпуска:Том 1 №5 (2026)
Аннотация
Аннотация. Цель исследования: рассмотреть данные литературы о состоянии слизистой оболочки полости рта у детей с сахарным диабетом 1 типа и определить основные клинико-лабораторные признаки ее изменений.
Материалы и методы. В обзор включены публикации, в которых описаны стоматологические проявления сахарного диабета 1 типа у детей, показатели ротовой жидкости, местного иммунитета, микробиоты и гликемического контроля.
Заключение. По данным литературы, изменения слизистой оболочки полости рта у детей с сахарным диабетом 1 типа чаще связаны с сухостью полости рта, воспалением десен, нарушением состава слюны, снижением местной защиты и изменением микробного равновесия. Эти проявления зависят не только от диабета как диагноза, но и от длительности заболевания, уровня HbA1c, гигиены полости рта и возраста ребенка. Поэтому оценка СОПР должна включать осмотр, анализ жалоб и лабораторное исследование ротовой жидкости.
Ключевые слова. Сахарный диабет 1 типа, дети, слизистая оболочка полости рта, ротовая жидкость, местный иммунитет, микробиота, HbA1c.
Annotatsiya. Tadqiqot maqsadi: 1-tur qandli diabet bilan kasallangan bolalarda og‘iz bo‘shlig‘i shilliq qavatining holati haqida adabiyot ma’lumotlarini ko‘rib chiqish va uning asosiy klinik-laborator belgilarini aniqlash.
Materiallar va usullar. Sharhga bolalarda 1-tur qandli diabetning stomatologik ko‘rinishlari, og‘iz suyuqligi ko‘rsatkichlari, mahalliy immunitet, mikrobiota va glikemik nazoratga bag‘ishlangan nashrlar kiritildi.
Xulosa. Adabiyot ma’lumotlariga ko‘ra, 1-tur qandli diabet bilan kasallangan bolalarda og‘iz bo‘shlig‘i shilliq qavatidagi o‘zgarishlar ko‘pincha og‘iz qurishi, milklarning yallig‘lanishi, so‘lak tarkibining buzilishi, mahalliy himoya omillarining pasayishi va mikrob muvozanatining o‘zgarishi bilan bog‘liq. Bu belgilar faqat diabet tashxisi bilan emas, balki kasallik davomiyligi, HbA1c darajasi, og‘iz bo‘shlig‘i gigiyenasi va bolaning yoshi bilan ham bog‘liq. Shu sababli og‘iz bo‘shlig‘i shilliq qavatini baholash klinik ko‘rik, shikoyatlar tahlili va og‘iz suyuqligini laborator tekshirishni o‘z ichiga olishi kerak.
Kalit so‘zlar. 1-tur qandli diabet, bolalar, og‘iz bo‘shlig‘i shilliq qavati, og‘iz suyuqligi, mahalliy immunitet, mikrobiota, HbA1c.
Abstract. Purpose of the study: to review literature data on the condition of the oral mucosa in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus and to identify its main clinical and laboratory signs of changes.
Materials and methods. The review included publications describing dental manifestations of type 1 diabetes mellitus in children, indicators of oral fluid, local immunity, microbiota and glycemic control.
Conclusion. According to the literature, changes in the oral mucosa in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus are most often associated with dry mouth, gingival inflammation, changes in saliva composition, decreased local protective factors and changes in microbial balance. These manifestations depend not only on diabetes as a diagnosis, but also on the duration of the disease, HbA1c level, oral hygiene and the child’s age. Therefore, the assessment of the oral mucosa should include clinical examination, analysis of complaints and laboratory examination of oral fluid.
Keywords. Type 1 diabetes mellitus, children, oral mucosa, oral fluid, local immunity, microbiota, HbA1c.
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