PRENATAL VA POSTNATAL DAVRDA TUG‘MA YURAK NUQSONLARINI ANIQLASHDA RADIOLOGIK TASHXISI USULLARINING AHAMIYATI
- Авторы:Raxmonova Gulbahor Ergashovna, Rahmanova Muhayyo Davronbek qizi
- Дата публикации:May 14, 2026
- Тип:Статья
- DOI: 10.64156/mju.9264 Скопировано
- Том / № Выпуска:Том 1 №3 (2026)
Аннотация
Annotatsiya. Ushbu maqolada tug‘ma yurak nuqsonlarini (TYN) prenatal va postnatal davrda aniqlashda qo‘llaniladigan zamonaviy radiologik tekshiruv usullari keng tahlil qilingan. Exokardiografiya (ExoKG) , magnit rezonans tomografiya (MRT), multispiral kompyuter tomografiya (MSKT), rentgenografiya va boshqa vizualizatsiya usullarining diagnostik imkoniyatlari, sezgirligi va spetsifikligi oxirgi 10 yillikda nashr etilgan maqolalar asosida baholangan.Ayniqsa ushbu ilmiy manbalar asosida prenatal skrining dasturlarining samaradorligi, fetal exokardiografiya o‘tkazishning optimal muddatlari va postnatal diagnostikadagi yangi texnologik yondashuvlar va ularning klinik ahamiyati ko ‘rib chiqilgan. Fetal exokardiografiya prenatal skriningning oltin standarti bo‘lib, homiladorlikning 18–22 haftalarida o‘tkazilganda yirik nuqsonlarni 85–95% hollarda aniqlash imkonini beradi. Fetal MRT exokardiografiyaga qo‘shimcha, ayniqsa murakkab anomaliyalarni aniqlashda yuqori diagnostik qiymatga ega.
Kalit so‘zlar: prenatal skrining, fetal exokardiografiya, tug‘ma yurak nuqsonlari, kompyuter tomografiya, magnit rezonans tomografiya.
Аннотация. В данной статье представлен подробный анализ современных методов радиологической диагностики, применяемых для выявления врожденных пороков сердца (ВПС) в пренатальном и постнатальном периодах. На основе публикаций за последнее десятилетие оценены диагностические возможности, чувствительность и специфичность эхокардиографии (ЭхоКГ), магнитно-резонансной томографии (МРТ), мультиспиральной компьютерной томографии (МСКТ), рентгенографии и других методов визуализации. В частности, на основе этих научных источников рассматриваются эффективность программ пренатального скрининга, оптимальные сроки проведения фетальной эхокардиографии, а также новые технологические подходы в постнатальной диагностике и их клиническое значение. Фетальная эхокардиография является золотым стандартом пренатального скрининга, позволяя выявлять крупные пороки в 85–95% случаев при проведении на 18–22 неделях беременности. Фетальная МРТ, как дополнение к эхокардиографии, обладает высокой диагностической ценностью, особенно в выявлении сложных аномалий.
Ключевые слова: пренатальный скрининг, фетальная эхокардиография, врожденные пороки сердца, компьютерная томография, магнитно-резонансная томография.
Abstract. This article provides a comprehensive analysis of modern radiological examination methods used in the prenatal and postnatal detection of congenital heart defects (CHD). The diagnostic capabilities, sensitivity, and specificity of echocardiography (EchoCG), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), multislice computed tomography (MSCT), radiography, and other visualization methods are evaluated based on articles published within the last 10 years. In particular, drawing from these scientific sources, the article examines the effectiveness of prenatal screening programs, the optimal timing for conducting fetal echocardiography, new technological approaches in postnatal diagnostics, and their clinical significance. Fetal echocardiography is the gold standard of prenatal screening, allowing for the detection of major defects in 85–95% of cases when performed between 18 and 22 weeks of gestation. Fetal MRI serves as a supplement to echocardiography and has high diagnostic value, especially in identifying complex anomalies.
Keywords: prenatal screening, fetal echocardiography, congenital heart defects, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging.
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